Trapped and wasted, I thought! And then of course, he came." - Albus Dumbledore to Harry Potter while they are in limbo. So that, when my mother died, and I was left the responsibility of a damaged sister and a wayward brother, I returned to my village in anger and bitterness. Others were just curious as to why Ariana didn't attend Hogwarts. It was wondered why Kendra didn't send Ariana to Hogwarts many believed Kendra had produced a Squib, and she was disgraced. Ariana was sweet and kind, but when she couldn't control her magic she became slightly dangerous. Many did not know that the Dumbledores had a daughter (or that Aberforth and Albus had a sister). To keep her daughter safe, Kendra moved the family to Godric's Hollow and Ariana was secluded from the outside world. He refused to reveal the reason for the attack, since Ariana would have been sent to St Mungo's if her condition was discovered, as it threatened the Statute of Secrecy. Her father sought revenge against the boys and was sentenced to Azkaban for life for the crime. The attack left Ariana emotionally scarred and unable to control her magic. When she was unable to show them how to do the same thing again, they violently assaulted her. At the age of six, she was seen practicing magic by a group of Muggle boys. They forced their way through the hedge, and when she couldn't show them the trick, they got a bit carried away trying to stop the little freak doing it." - Aberforth Dumbledore on Ariana's attack File:Ariana Dumbledore.pngĪriana Dumbledore photograph in a photo album of Bathilda BagshotĪriana was the youngest of three children of Percival and Kendra Dumbledore, born in 1885 in Mould-on-the-Wold, a wizarding village in England. They'd seen her practicing magic, spying through the back garden hedge: She was a kid, she couldn't control it, no witch or wizard can at that age. " When my sister was six years old, she was attacked, by three Muggle boys. This event would have a profound impact on both her brothers' lives. Ariana died when she was accidentally struck by a curse in a three-way duel between her older brothers and Dark Wizard Gellert Grindelwald, Albus's friend at the time it was never known who struck the killing blow. During a fit when she was fourteen years old, Ariana caused a magical explosion that killed her mother, after which her older brother Albus became her guardian. Mungo's hospital if her condition were widely known. This prompted her father to attack the boys and be imprisoned in Azkaban, while her mother moved the family to Godric's Hollow and kept Ariana hidden away from the general population, because she knew Ariana would be taken to St. This left her traumatised to the point of rendering her magical abilities unstable and uncontrollable. At the age of six, Ariana was attacked by Muggle boys who saw her practicing magic, and, when she couldn't show them the trick, attacked her in an attempt to stop her from using the magic. She was the younger sister of Albus and Aberforth Dumbledore. 1885 - late summer 1899 ) was a half-blood witch and the youngest child and only daughter of Percival and Kendra Dumbledore. But mostly she was sweet and scared and harmless." - Aberforth Dumbledore on his younger sister Ariana Īriana Dumbledore (c. She wouldn't use magic, but she couldn't get rid of it it turned inward and drove her mad, it exploded out of her when she couldn't control it, and at times she was strange and dangerous. ![]() " It destroyed her, what they did: She was never right again.
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![]() You can find some interesting analysis on the best monitors and mice in their CS:GO Best Monitor and Gear Guide and Best Mouse for CS:GO Guide. Then just fine-tune it until it’s perfect. If you are completely lost, start at 2 sensitivity and 400 dpi. Most Pros use suprisingly big mousepads in CS:GO. Also look at the mousepads the pros are using in CS GO. A 144hz monitor is a noticeable advantage over other players in CS GO, but if you are a new player 60 HZ are just fine. Until then you won’t know what mouse fits you. You should also try to find a mouse that fits your hand, there are many different grips that you have to try out for yourself. Please refer to our Flawless Mouse Sensor List to check. Ever wondered how Counter-Strike professionals come up with their in-game name Well weve got you covered in our newest CS:GO Pros Answer as FalleN, RUSH, jkae Counter-Strike: Global. Interestingly, not every pro is using a flawless mouse sensor. The league also established, alongside the Counter-Strike Professional Players' Association, a player council that will act as the voice on behalf of the players participating in the ESL Pro League. Every player is different in his play style, which means that AWPers often play with a really low sensitivity, lurkers tend to have a comparatively high sens. You should always try to find the CS GO config, settings and hardware you personally are most comfortable with. In general, checking out what the pros are using is a good start to find the perfect CS GO config, settings and hardware for you. We will reply to you as soon as possible. s1mple The name that left the new generation speechless is Oleksandr ‘ s1mple ‘ Kostyliev, who made an entry in 2016. Nikola NiKo Kovac was born on 16 February 1997. Cloud9 c0ntact Gaming Dignitas Team Envy Gen. You can quickly reach this post under our subdomain at Any information on the settings, sensitivity, resolution, mice, keyboards, chairs or other gear of teams and players is very much appreciated. NiKo is a Bosnian professional who is currently affiliated with G2 Esports. Please feel free to comment if we got something wrong. This table is updated every major Counter-Strike: Global Offensive tournament. We have provided sources for you as well, just in case you want to check yourself. This can be an incredibly valuable resource if you want to get your CS:GO game to the next level. ![]() The table is even sortable by player name, team or sensitivity. Have you ever wondered which gaming mouse or monitor KennyS, Forest or Pasha are using? Or what sensitivity Scream or Get_Right use to get those sweet shots? We have gathered the CS GO config, sensitivity, settings, crosshairs, mouse, keyboard and other hardware of all players of the 16 teams of the last Major for you. Finding the best CS GO mouse can be difficult. ![]() “Our students deserve an opportunity to learn and compete in environments that are inclusive and welcoming to all. “It is past time for change to be made to the flag of the State of Mississippi,” Commissioner Greg Sankey said in a statement Thursday. (AP) - The Southeastern Conference is considering barring league championship events in Mississippi unless the state changes its Confederate-based flag. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.JACKSON, Miss. MOST AMERICANS SUPPORT PROTESTORS OVER PRESIDENT TRUMPīOOKS ON RACE AND DISCRIMINATION BECOME BESTSELLERS IN WAKE OF GEORGE FLOYD KILLINGĬopyright 2023 Nexstar Media Inc. INDIANA JOURNALIST LOSES EYE TO TEAR GAS CANISTER DURING PROTESTSįLORIDA OFFICER PUT ON LEAVE AFTER KNEELING ON BLACK MAN’S NECK DURING ARREST READ MORE ABOUT THE GEORGE FLOYD PROTESTS ![]() The last referendum held in Mississippi to change the flag occurred in 2001. I emphasized that it is time for a renewed, respectful debate on this issue.” The letter said, in part, that our flag should be unifying, not a symbol that divides us. On June 12, I wrote to the governor, lieutenant governor and speaker of the Mississippi House reaffirming that support. “I have reiterated that view to our state’s leaders on multiple occasions, including during face-to-face discussions in recent days and hours. “Since 2015, our Student Association, Robert Holland Faculty Senate and university administration have been firmly on record in support of changing the state flag,” Keenum explained in his statement. Mississippi State president Mark Keenum issued a statement following Sankey’s comments on Thursday. State universities, such as Mississippi State and Ole Miss, stopped flying the flag in 2016. The flag has been a source of contention prior to the national civil unrest, with the NCAA having already banned predetermined postseason events from being held in Mississippi. “In the event there is no change, there will be consideration of precluding Southeastern Conference championship events from being conducted in the State of Mississippi until the flag is changed,” Sankey said.ĮSPN notes that the SEC last held a championship event in Mississippi in May 2016, a softball game. In the sports industry, black athletes have been increasingly vocal about systemic racism, putting pressure on industry executives to take a stand on civil rights protests, notably with the NFL closing in observance of Juneteenth. Some statues have even been toppled during protests. The debate over whether or not such relics should stand is not new, but the Black Lives Matter protests following the police killing of George Floyd have jump-started states and private sectors into more immediate action. This comes as Confederate memorials, monuments and symbols are being removed across the U.S. POLICE CHIEF CALLS FOR NATIONAL BAN ON CHOKEHOLDS AFTER GEORGE FLOYD KILLING STATE OF MINNESOTA FILES HUMAN RIGHTS COMPLAINT AGAINST MINNEAPOLIS POLICEĬELEBRITIES INCLUDING JOHN LEGEND AND THE WEEKND SIGN PETITION TO DEFUND THE POLICE NEW VIDEO SHOWS DIFFERENT VIEW OF GEORGE FLOYD ARREST ![]() “Our students deserve an opportunity to learn and compete in environments that are inclusive and welcoming to all.”īREAKING NEWS ABOUT THE GEORGE FLOYD CASE “It is past time for change to be made to the flag of the State of Mississippi,” Sankey said, according to ESPN. The state adopted the Confederate-based flag following the Civil War. The Mississippi flag features the Confederate battle emblem: a red field topped by a blue “x” with 13 stars. Southeastern Conference (SEC) Commissioner Greg Sankey joined the national debate surrounding civil rights and Confederate-era symbols by leveraging that no SEC conference events will be held in Mississippi until the state changes its flag.
She continued, “On the positive side, allowing your body and brain to take a break from alcohol can potentially decrease cortisol and the stress it puts on the system, which allows for rest and repair. “Depending on whom the person is, what their history contains and their intentions around drinking for the rest of the year dictate its impact one’s overall health.” “A lot of my clients engage in a Dry-January as a mental and emotional detox and ritual in self-control,” said Appleton. Daryl Appleton, a psychotherapist who practices in NYC and New England. ![]() Shutterstock Alcohol’s impact on mental healthĪbstaining from alcohol can have positive effects on your mental health, according to Dr. Refraining from alcoholic beverages at night can provide consistent sleep. ![]() Refraining from alcoholic beverages at night and in general could potentially provide deeper, more consistent sleep, which might, in turn, offer more energy throughout the day. Moreover, a study conducted by The American Journal of Gastroenterology found that “heavy alcohol intake” appears to “exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms in adults with irritable bowel syndrome,” which includes symptoms like abdominal and stomach pain, bloating, intestinal gas, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, heartburn and indigestion.ĭrinking alcohol before bed has also been found to interrupt REM sleep and have insomnia-like effects, according to the Sleep Foundation. Alcohol is considered a diuretic, meaning it increases the passing of urine, which can have a dehydrating effect if you’re not drinking enough water. ShutterstockĬalorie intake estimates published by the FDA state that men and women above the age of 21 can potentially consume 2,400 to 3,000 calories and 2,000 to 2,400 calories per day, respectively, depending on how active their lifestyles are.Īvoiding alcohol could potentially improve your digestive system. “Those who drink heavily could encounter very serious health risks when quitting abruptly and should take caution.” said Dr. Varying spirits and liquors like sake, whiskey, vodka, rum and gin tend to be under 100 calories, but that’s on a per-ounce basis that can quickly rack up when making a cocktail. According to the USDA’s FoodData Central database, a can of beer is around 154 calories while a 5-ounce serving of wine is around 123 calories. Outside of saving money from all the alcoholic beverages, you won’t be purchasing for the month of January, the top health benefit you’ll receive is avoiding unnecessary calories. If you’re thinking of participating in Dry January this year, here are health considerations you should know before you ditch alcohol for 31 days. Those who drink heavily could encounter very serious health risks when quitting abruptly and should take caution.” “Diagnoses are characterized as mild, moderate or severe. Deni Carise, the chief science officer at the Recovery Centers of America. “Ultimately, sober months like Dry January can be harmless for the majority of the population who do not have a severe alcohol use disorder,” said Dr. Are there actual health benefits you can gain from Dry January? For the most part, experts say yes, but it’s not an absolute must for everyone to observe. The month-long public health campaign encourages people to abstain from alcohol as a way to improve wellness. ![]() Potential hangover cures, such as bacon and sausage rollsįor trendy health-conscious folks, the start of a new year sometimes means the start of Dry January. Woman loses 150 pounds after regaining 188 pounds What life was like 50 years ago in America, compared to now in 2022 Guidelines for the management of unilateral vocal fold paralysis from the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics. In: Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Surgery. ![]() American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Vocal cord paralysis: Anatomy, imaging and pathology. Aspiration that leads to severe pneumonia is rare but serious and requires immediate medical care. People with certain neurological conditions - such as Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis - are more likely to develop vocal cord weakness or paralysis.īreathing problems associated with vocal cord paralysis may be so mild that you just have a hoarse-sounding voice, or they can be so serious that they're life-threatening.īecause vocal cord paralysis keeps the opening to the airway from completely opening or closing, other complications may include choking on or inhaling (aspirating) food or liquid. Sometimes the breathing tubes used in surgery or to help you breathe if you're having serious respiratory trouble can damage the vocal cord nerves. People who need surgery on their thyroid, throat or upper chest have an increased risk of vocal cord nerve damage. Certain neurological conditions, such as multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease, can lead to vocal cord paralysis.įactors that may increase your risk of developing vocal cord paralysis include: There's some evidence that infection with COVID-19 may cause vocal cord paralysis. Some infections, such as Lyme disease, Epstein-Barr virus and herpes, can cause inflammation and directly damage the nerves in the voice box. Tumors, both cancerous and noncancerous, can grow in or around the muscles, cartilage or nerves controlling the function of the voice box and can cause vocal cord paralysis. A stroke interrupts blood flow in the brain and may damage the part of the brain that sends messages to the voice box. Trauma to the neck or chest may injure the nerves that serve the vocal cords or the voice box itself. Surgeries that carry a risk of damage include surgeries to the thyroid or parathyroid glands, esophagus, neck, and chest. Surgery on or near the neck or upper chest can result in damage to the nerves that serve the voice box.
It's an endless adventure kids get to build over and over again themselves!Ĭomplete with thirty-two masterfully crafted tiles in an exciting variety of colors and shapes, the Magna-Tiles Clear Colors set is a brilliant first step into the world of magnetic construction kids will cherish for years. Magna-Tiles® Builder 32-Piece Set - The Science Store Includes: 16 Small Squares 8 Small Rectangles 1 Spinner 4 Quarter Circles 1 Wheeled Chassis 2 Cranes Package Measurement: 12.6w x 2.5d x 12h Item Measurement: Each shape has a base measurement of 3 inches / 7. It's a thrilling construction experience for both at home and in the classroom!Īnd we haven't even mentioned the imaginative-play value - Kids can build all kinds of play scenes to go with their toys at home like castles, futuristic cities, pirate ships, and more. Shop baby & childcare essentials, toys, baby bath, feeding equipment, organic skin care for kids. Kids instantly delve into early shape discovery as they learn what each shape is called and then launch right into early geometry by connecting shapes to build new shapes in both 2D and 3D. STEM-approved, the Magna-Tiles® Clear Colors 32-Piece Set sparks hours of unstructured, free play in children, whether they’re building at home or in a group setting. Shop Magna-Tiles Clear Colors 32 Piece Set. Build in front of a window to experience amazing color-projection effects! The Magna-Tiles Builder 32-Piece Set is designed to withstand years of dramatic play with its durable construction tiles in black, yellow, and red colors. The basic shapes and simple magnetic connections give visual-spatial skills a big boost while vibrant, transparent colors fill the eys with wonder and beauty. Magna-Tiles 32-Piece Clear Colors Set, The Original Magnetic Building Tiles For Creative Open-Ended Play, Educational Toys For Children Ages 3 Years + 4.9 (11,384) 4K+ bought in past month 4999 FREE delivery Mon, Apr 17 Or fastest delivery Thu, Apr 13 Small Business More Buying Choices 40. The secret is the unique ability to attract even. Meanwhile, brain-strength is constantly on the rise. Magna-Tiles are 3-D Magnetic Building Tiles by Valtech since 1997 Each tile has magnets along its edges. This set includes light printing of roads, bricks, and caution signs to increase play potential, as well as two functional cranes with telescoping arms. TEMI Mini Construction Push Truck Toy For Toddlers Overall Score: 9. The Magna-Tiles® Builder 32-Piece Set is designed to withstand years of dramatic play with its durable construction tiles in black, yellow, and red colors. Check Price - GoGetAToy Overall Product Rankings 1. ![]() Shapes, buildings, vehicles, abstract structures - Anything is possible! Magna-Tiles Clear Colors 32 Piece Set 3D MAGNETIC TILES: The original 3D magnetic building sets that engage young minds by fusing together math, science, and. Magna-Tiles are the original 3D magnetic building tiles by Valtech since 1997. ![]() Thanks to sonic welding, stainless steel rivets, and premium ceramic magnets, all pieces are resistant to scratches, dents, and other damage, and every finished structure is strong enough to be included in your child’s next activity.Light, color, geometry, architecture, and magnets - Nothing inspires spatial exploration quite like the clear-colors Magna-Tiles.ĭesigned with loose magnets built into every edge of every shape, young architects can connect and build the tiles into nearly anything they can imagine. Plus, Magna-Tiles® Clear Colours 32-Piece Set is compatible with all other Magna-Tiles® sets, ensuring everyone in the group has a chance to participate and allowing children to mix and match as they please. Use this magnet toy to get a head start on learning shapes, colours and basic building. The Magna-Tiles Builder 32-Piece Set is designed to withstand years of dramatic play with its durable construction tiles in black, yellow, and red colours. ![]() There is no right or wrong way to use them – instead, this vital screen-free playtime encourages children to explore their imagination while helping them develop essential skills. As a result, our magnetic toys for kids are highly valued by educators, whether they’re classroom teachers or homeschooling parents, and appear often in lesson plans, experiments, and more. Magna-Tiles are a powerful learning toy for curious, creative minds. STEM-approved, the Magnatiles Clear Colours 32-Piece Set sparks hours of unstructured, free play in children, whether they’re building at home or in a group setting. ![]() Why Choose the Magna-Tiles® Clear Colours 32-Piece Set? ![]() | sampledb | public | regions | TABLE | | | sampledb | public | locations | TABLE | | | sampledb | public | employees | TABLE | | | sampledb | public | dependents | TABLE | | | sampledb | public | departments | TABLE | | | sampledb | public | countries | TABLE | | | TABLE_QUALIFIER | TABLE_OWNER | TABLE_NAME | TABLE_TYPE | REMARKS | $ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH To test ODBC, first edit ~/.odbc.ini and add the postgresql database details:ĭescription=My Postgresql sample database United Kingdom | UK | UK | Magdalen Centre, The Oxford | Oxford ![]() United Kingdom | UK | UK | 8204 Arthur St | London United States of America | US | US | 2004 Charade Rd | Seattle United States of America | US | US | 2011 Interiors Blvd | South San Francisco United States of America | US | US | 2014 Jabberwocky Rd | Southlake LEFT JOIN locations l ON l.country_id = c.country_idĬountry_name | country_id | country_id | street_address | city Launch psql and create the tables for postgresql using the scripts here:Īs those are small files, copying and pasting their content into psql will do just fine.Īlso, populate the tables for postgresql using the data here and test: Switch to the postgres account and create the database: Verify that the default native administration tool, psql, is there: Two drivers have been installed, one for the ANSI character encoding and one for Unicode check the Unicode one:ĭescription=PostgreSQL ODBC driver (Unicode version) The processes run under the postgres account. Postgres 812 682 0 Oct16 ? 00:00:00 postgres: 13/main: logical replication launcher Postgres 810 682 0 Oct16 ? 00:00:01 postgres: 13/main: autovacuum launcher Postgres 682 1 0 Oct16 ? 00:00:02 /usr/lib/postgresql/13/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/postgresql/13/main -c config_file=/etc/postgresql/13/main/nf Main PID: 10528 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/rvice enabled vendor preset: enabled)Īctive: active (exited) since Mon 19:04:20 CEST 1min 15s ago As the postgresql service was missing on this test environment, let’s install it too:Ī systemd service has been created and started, check it: The postgresql drivers can be installed from the platform’s default package repositories using the following steps as root. The test system is a debian v11 (bullseye). Refer to SQLite for installing the required ODBC Driver Manager. The goal is to set up a self-standing environment for testing an ODBC extension for gawk presented here to be completed. This article is part of a series that includes SQLite, MariaDB, Firebird, Oracle RDBMS, Microsoft SQL Server, HSQLDB, MongoDB, and Excel. The implementation of TP used in Torrent was later separated into the libutp library. More Infoĭeveloper: Obsidian Entertainment Publisher: SEGA Genre: Action (Shooter), RPG, 3D, 3rd Person, Stealth Language: EN / Multi8 Treatment: Not required Release Date: 2010 System RequirementsĬPU: 2.4+ GHZ Intel or 2. x beta branches, and publicized in the alpha builds of Torrent 1.9. Torrent also known as alpha torrent or a torrent is a simple,Advanced and beautiful Libtorrent client Application for Android. SEGAAlphaProtocolTheEspionageRPGWinXP2010Eng. Every choice the player makes as Michael Thorton will carry consequences for his future and the fate of the world. SEGA Alpha Protocol The Espionage RPG (WinXP) (2010) (Eng) Addeddate. As players determine how to accomplish different objectives, the decisions made and actions taken in each mission will ultimately transform the type of secret agent Michael Thorton will become. To do so means he must cut himself off from the very people he is sworn to protect. A talented young agent cast out by his government, Thorton is the only one with the information needed to stop an impending international catastrophe. ![]() ![]() I am having a hard time downloading such a large set of games manually. ![]() Loyalty carries a price and no one knows this more than agent Michael Thorton. Reviewer: MageGuy - favorite favorite favorite favorite - JSubject: Broken torrent Great set but Parts 1,2,3,4,6, etc. ![]() It’s an excellent choice for both hobbyists and professionals who need high-quality welding on the move.The Amico Power MTS-165 is an excellent solution to this problem because it offers portable convenience with the strength of a commercial welding machine. Portable welders are top-rated but don’t have the power you need for heavier jobs.And this versatile 3-in-1 combo welding machine also comes with extra accessories such as TIG torch gun assembly, MIG torch gun assembly, work clamp assembly, electrode holder assembly, power adapter (240V to 120V), Quick manual & Owner’s Manual, plus many more tools to make your project easier!.The unit has an output tone of up to 1A, which means it can weld up to 1/4″ aluminum, alloyed steel (mild), stainless steel wire rod, cast iron, and copper.Amico Power MTS-165 multifunction professional combo welder is an excellent choice for projects and repairs around the home or auto body shop. ![]() This review will give you a detailed guide on the top 3 Amico 3 in 1 welders with their exclusive features and benefits.Īmico 3-in-1 Welder Review | Best 3-in-1 Welders This means you get everything you need to do any welding tasks. You can use these machines for MIG or flux-cored welding processes using gasless wire spools or gas cylinders (with adapters). The answer to that question is simple: their patented Smart-Slide technology makes all the difference in versatility. These days they are known as a leading manufacturer of industrial welding equipment with an international presence. With a quality 3-in-1 welder like Amico, anyone can be a welder!Īmico is one of the best 3-in-1 welders manufacturers today and has been around since 1995. Welding is no longer just for professionals. If you buy an item through the links on this site, we may earn a small commission at no extra cost to you. The team cleverly exploited this property.įirst they laid down a layer of silicon dioxide for the base structure. The width and length of a graphene sheet are, of course, bigger than a nanotube-but the edge is a single carbon atom thick. Graphene has all kinds of interesting properties, one of which is excellent conductivity. Unroll a nanotube and you get a sheet made of carbon atoms called graphene. But instead of carbon nanotubes, which are a nanometer across, they looked to go smaller. Molybdenum disulfide’s natural resistance prevents this leakage at the tiniest scales.īuilding on this prior work, the researchers in the most recent study also chose molybdenum disulfide for their channel material and a carbon-based gate. Silicon is a better semiconductor, as electrical currents encounter more resistance in molybdenum disulfide, but when gate lengths dip below five nanometers, electrons leak across the gates in silicon transistors. In 2016, for example, researchers used carbon nanotubes-which are single-atom-thick sheets of carbon rolled into cylinders-and a 2D material called molybdenum disulfide to achieve a gate length of one nanometer. Recent advances in extreme transistor gate miniaturization rely on some fascinating materials. The gate switches this current on or off depending on the voltage applied to it. Electrical current flows from the source, through the channel, past the gate, and into the drain. Transistors have a few core components: the source, the drain, the channel, and the gate. “This could be the last node for Moore’s Law.” Etching a 2D Sandwich “In the future, it will be almost impossible for people to make a gate length smaller than 0.34 nm,” the paper’s senior author Tian-Ling Ren told IEEE Spectrum. By scaling gate lengths down to the size of single atoms, the latest work sets a new mark that’ll be hard to beat. Previous research had already pushed gate lengths to one nanometer and below. The gate, a chip component that switches transistors on and off, is a critical measure of transistor size. In a paper published in Nature this week, scientists at Tsinghua University in Shanghai wrote that they’ve built a graphene transistor gate with a length of 0.34 nanometers (nm)-or roughly the size of a single carbon atom. Electronic components that once fit in your palm have long gone atomic, vanishing from our world to take up residence in the quantum realm.īut we’re now brushing the bitter limits of this trend. ![]() It all depends on who your audience is and what type of information you are trying to communicate when you use terms like "standard cell library instance count" vs "raw gate count".There’s been no greater act of magic in technology than the sleight of hand performed by Moore’s Law. So the standard library parts may not be an accurate description of how the big or small the design is to an outsider because the design might be closer to 1.2 millin 2 input NAND gates. Then there are macros, memories and custom cells,etc. ![]() Maybe even some special cells in the library that would have complex function. ![]() So my disign might use 400k standard cell instances of all types and parts. how many 2-input, 1x drive strength NAND gates the design might be equivalent to. I tell them a very rough estimate of GATE counts, i.e. If someone OUTSIDE the company asked me how big my design is. Then I tell them the estimate of the standard cell library instances. So if someone asked me how big my design is, I'm usually talking to another engineer at my company or on my project. I find that marketing and consumers tend to put more emphasis on these numbers.Īs a designer, what I'm concerned about is how big the design is interms of slilicon aera (mm x mm) and how man standard cell parts, and which TYPE of standard cell parts my design uses. So someone might say "transistor count" instead of "gate count" when describing the design if they want a bigger number.Īs a designer, none of this should really matter to you much. Sometimes people confuse design metrics on purpose in order to achieve their goals. ![]() Like "how big is the chip?", "how fast is the chip?", "how much power does it consume?", etc. This falls under the category of what is design metrics. |